Answer all the questions
Section A: grammar (10 marks)
1. Complete each sentence with the appropriate word or expression chosen from the brackets. (2.5 marks)
1. She finds it hard . . . . . . . . . . why I didn't receive her letter.
(on explaining, if l explain. to explain)
2. I’m afraid I can't give you a lift . . . . . . . . .. .there's something wrong with my car. I’m really sorry. ( In addition. Obviously, Unfortunately)
3. The administration of this school will continue to dedicate . . . . . . . . to the development of the school. (ourselves, himself, itself)
4. I didn’t tell Mark the truth not to hurt his feelings. (so that, so as, to)
5. If . . . . . . . I my studies. I probably would have become an engineer. (didn't give up, haven’! given up, hadn’t given up)

II. Put the words in brackets in their correct form. Write in the spaces provided. (2.5 marks)
a) Can you please tell me where the (women) . . . . . . . . toile: is?
b) Have you ever (to take). . . . . . . . . . a course on human biology?
c) Leave it to us. We (get) . . . . . . . . . . . back to you as soon as we can.
d) Wine (make) . . . . . . . . . . from grapes.
e) I had a horrible lime. This was one of the (interesting) matches; I’ve ever watched this season.

III. Complete the second sentence below so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. (5 marks)
a) The person who stole the tool box must have been tall
Whoever . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
b) My father insisted I become a medical doctor and marry early.
Not only did my father . . . . . . . . . . .
c) Many people believe that money can open all doors in this world.
It is generally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
d) Scientists are developing new theories on the use of antibiotics.
New theories on the use of antibiotics. . . . . . . . .. .. . .
e) "What do you think you are doing?" My mother asked me.
My mother asked. . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .

Section B : vocabulary (10 marks)
1. Compute each sentence with the appropriate word from the box. There are more words than you need. (2.5 marks)
do, fill. At, forecast, rights, in, made, climate
1) The weather . . . . . . . . .. . . . .of today says there wm be sunshine.
2) You have to. . . . . . . . .in the application form and sent it to the company.
3) If you feel good. . . . . . . . . . .. mathematics, you should choose the science option.
a) How do you feel if you know you've . . . . . . . . . .. . . a mistake while speaking in English?
5) Companies should not employ underaged children. This is considered a human . . . . . . . . . abuse

B. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the underlined word (5 marks)‘
1. l was thrilled by the performance of the Lionesses of Cameroon. Their performance was quite . . . . . .
2. Charlotte is not only beautiful but also sings . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Do you believe in your potentials? The . . . . . . . . in oneself determines what one becomes in the future.
4. There are still many illiterates In Africa . . . . . . . . . is as a result of poverty.
5. We are advised to drink pure water. To . . . . . . . . . . water you should boil it.

Section C: comprehension (10 marks)

Agression
Aggressive behaviour is any behavior that is intended to cause injury, pain, suffering damage or destruction. While aggressive behavior is often thought of as purely physical, verbal attacks such as screaming and shouting or belittling and humiliating comments aimed at causing harm and suffering can also be a type of aggression. What is key to the definition of aggression is that whenever harm is inflicted, be it physical or verbal, it is intentional.
Questions about the causes of aggression have long been of concern of both social and biological scientists. Theories about the causes of aggression cover a broad spectrum, ranging from those with biological or instinctive emphases to those that portray aggression as a learned behaviour
Numerous theories are based on the idea that aggression is an inherent and natural human instinct.
Aggression has been explained as an instinct that is directed externally toward others in a process called displacement, and it has been noted that aggressive impulses that are not channeled toward a specific person or group may be expressed indirectly through social acceptable activities such as sports and competition in a process called catharsis. Biological or instinctive theories of aggression have also been put forth by ethnologists, who study the behavior of animal in their natural environment. A number of ethnologists have, based upon their observation of animals, supported the view that aggression is an innate instinct common to humans.
Two different schools of thought exist among those who view aggression as instinct. One group holds the view that aggression can build up spontaneously, with or without outside provocation, and violent behavior will thus result, perhaps as a result of little or no provocation. Another suggests that aggression is indeed an instinctive response but that, rather than occurring spontaneously and without provocation, it’s a direct response to provocation from an outside source.
In contrast to instinct theories, social learning theories view aggression as a learned behaviour. This approach focuses on the effect that role models and reinforcement of behavior have on the acquisition of aggressive behaviour. Research has shown that aggressive behaviour can be learned through a combination of modeler; and positive reinforcement of aggressive behavior and that children are influenced by the combined forces of observing aggressive behavior in parents, peers, or fictional role model and of noting either positive reinforcement for the aggressive behaviour or, minimally, a lad of negative reinforcement for the behaviour. While research has provided evidence that the behavior of a live modal is more influential than that of a fictional model. fictional models of aggressive behavior such as those seen in movies and television, do still have an impact on behaviour
Studies have shown correlation between viewing of violence and incidences of aggressive behavior in both childhood and adolescence. Studies have also shown that it is not just the modeling of aggressive behevior in either its real-Iife or fictional form that correlates with increasing acts of violence in youths; a critical factor in increasing aggressive behaviours is the reinforcement of the behavior. If the aggressive role model is rewarded rather than punished for violent behavior, that behavior more likely to be seen as positive and is thus more Iikely to be imitated

Questions
l. Which of the following is not defined as aggressive behavior? Tick (\(\sqrt {} \)) the right answer.(1 mark)
a) Inflicting pains accidentally
b) Making insulting remarks
c) Destroying property
d) Trying unsuccessfully to injure someone
2. According to the text, what would an ethologist most likely study (2 marks)
3. What does ‘it’ in paragraph 4 refer to? (1 marks)
4. According to paragraph 3, what does the word "displacement" refer to? (1 mark)
5. Why does the author begin Paragraph 5 with the expression "In contrast to instinct theories" ? (1 marks )
6. What factor will Iikely increase aggressive behaviour in childhood and adolescence. (1 marks)

Section D: essay writing (10 marks)
Write an essay of about 150-300 words on one of the following topics.
1. On the occasion of the celebration of the national day of orientation, you were asked as a guidance counselor to talk to students on choosing a career. Write the talk. Your name is Mdemiyembe Merlyn and you work in G.B.H.S Muabah.

2. You are an environmentalist interested in saving the forest, the endangered species of plants and animals and the prevention of global warming. Write an article for Cameroon Tribune to publicise the damages logging companies are causing to the environment. Say how il can be stopped and propose solutions to this crisis. Your name is Tasang Paul.

3. An international magazine has organized a short story competition and you have decided to register. The competition rules say that the story must begin with the following sentence “Modem technological devices are responsible for the failure of Paul and Frank in the Baccalaureat examination."